Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: New insights into the pathophysiology and therapeutic targets of asthma and comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis

doi: 10.1042/CS20190281

Figure Lengend Snippet: Targeting immune mechanisms and therapeutic options in T2 and non-T2 inflammation

Article Snippet: , Reactive aldehyde species (RASP) , RASP inhibitor (small molecule) , ADX-629 , Aldeyra , Asthma , 2.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Recombinant, Variant Assay

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: New insights into the pathophysiology and therapeutic targets of asthma and comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis

doi: 10.1042/CS20190281

Figure Lengend Snippet: Most of the current monoclonal antibodies and inhibitors target type 2 inflammation (registered biologics in blue letters). Anti – IgE therapy with omalizumab and ligelizumab is already very effective and safe approach to treat patients with difficult asthma. Similarly, anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibodies, particularly mepolizumab, represent an effective therapy of eosinophilic inflammation. Type 2 inflammation can be downregulated also by dupilumab targeting common subunit shared by IL-4 and IL-13 receptors. Recently, tepelezumab directed against thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) represents another perspective monoclonal antibody modulating type 2 inflammation with another drugs against alarmins IL-33 and IL-25 in clinical studies. Also the inhibitors of CRTH2 (receptor for PDG2) such as fevipiprant are in clinical studies. In non-type 2 inflammation, no biologics are registered for the therapy of asthma with monoclonal antibodies inhibiting IL-17/IL-23 pathway without sufficient clinical effects, so far. In the effector phases of allergic inflammation, antihistamines and leukotrienes are used for decades with emerging inhibitors of tryptase or reactive aldehyde species (RASP) and monoclonal antibodies blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1 and IL-31 in clinical studies. In the case of anti-TNF therapy, the risk potential adverse effects prevail over benefits in asthma therapy. Finally, chemokine receptor inhibitors may represent another tool to block recruitment of immune cells in allergic inflammation. Created with BioRender Sofware (Ref.n.AB25BY6SZW).

Article Snippet: , Reactive aldehyde species (RASP) , RASP inhibitor (small molecule) , ADX-629 , Aldeyra , Asthma , 2.

Techniques: Blocking Assay